42 year male with Chronic myeloid Leukemia developed acute
renal failure 2 days
After start of Chemothrapy. There was no history given for
hypotension episode.
Physical examination revealed generalized wasting , and
lymphadenopathy,splenomegally.
Urine out put was near to 400 ml in 24 hour.
Lab revealed:
S. creatinine 5.2 mg/dl.
Urea 80mg/dl.
S. K 5.2, Hco3 18, s.ca 1.5 mmole/l
Po4 13.4: Uric acid
19 mg/dl
His fraction excretion of sodium was 3%. And urine analysis
shows mudy brown cast and
Epithelial cells.
Q. What is the diagnosis and How will u manage it?
Answere:
This is case of acute uric acid nephropathy secondary to
Tumor lysis syndrome.
Acutely rise of uric acid cause renal failure due to
precipitation of uric acid within
The tubules as there was massive cell necrosis following
chemotherapy. This diagnosis
Is favoured biochemically by high potassium and high
phosphorus and decreased calcium.
Management starts by hydration, alkalinization of urine
followd by allopurinol therapy.
New drug Rasburicase can also be given to reduce already
massive load of uric acid.